
The strategic geography of the North Atlantic does not end at the GIUK Gap. It extends northward into the Barents and Norwegian Seas and onward into the Arctic Ocean, where changing environmental conditions, revived Russian force posture and widening global maritime competition reshape what was once a largely frozen flank. The region is not becoming a new theatre in isolation, but rather a return to the long-standing logic of bastion defence, maritime chokepoints and the protection of sea lines of communication that characterised the latter decades of the Cold War.
Nick Watts writes: